Neuroplastic Changes Following Brain Ischemia and their Contribution to Stroke Recovery: Novel Approaches in Neurorehabilitation

被引：192

作者：

Alia, Claudia ^{[1
,2
]}

Spalletti, Cristina ^{[1
]}

Lai, Stefano ^{[3
]}

Panarese, Alessandro ^{[3
]}

Lamola, Giuseppe ^{[4
]}

Bertolucci, Federica ^{[4
]}

Vallone, Fabio ^{[3
,5
,6
]}

Di Garbo, Angelo ^{[5
]}

Chisari, Carmelo ^{[4
]}

Micera, Silvestro ^{[3
,7
,8
]}

Caleo, Matteo ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] CNR, Inst Neurosci, Pisa, Italy

[2] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Biol Lab, Pisa, Italy

[3] Scuola Super Sant Anna, BioRobot Inst, Translat Neural Engn Area, Pontedera, Italy

[4] Univ Hosp Pisa, Dept Neurosci, Unit Neurorehabil, Pisa, Italy

[5] CNR, Inst Biophys, Pisa, Italy

[6] Italian Inst Technol, Ctr Neurosci & Cognit Syst UniTn, Neural Computat Lab, Rovereto, Italy

[7] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Ctr Neuroprosthet, Bertarelli Fdn Chair, Translat NeuroEngineering Lab, Lausanne, Switzerland

[8] Inst Bioengn, Lausanne, Switzerland

来源：

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE | 2017年 / 11卷

关键词：

stroke; motor cortex; plasticity; callosal connections; non-invasive brain stimulation; local field potentials; rehabilitation; robotics; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX; ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY; PROMOTES FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY; CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT; THETA-BURST STIMULATION; GROWTH-ASSOCIATED GENE; UPPER-LIMB IMPAIRMENT; DRIVEN GAIT ORTHOSIS; BODY-WEIGHT SUPPORT;

D O I：

10.3389/fncel.2017.00076

中图分类号：

Q189 [神经科学];

学科分类号：

071006 [神经生物学];

摘要：

Ischemic damage to the brain triggers substantial reorganization of spared areas and pathways, which is associated with limited, spontaneous restoration of function. A better understanding of this plastic remodeling is crucial to develop more effective strategies for stroke rehabilitation. In this review article, we discuss advances in the comprehension of post-stroke network reorganization in patients and animal models. We first focus on rodent studies that have shed light on the mechanisms underlying neuronal remodeling in the perilesional area and contralesional hemisphere after motor cortex infarcts. Analysis of electrophysiological data has demonstrated brain-wide alterations in functional connectivity in both hemispheres, well beyond the infarcted area. We then illustrate the potential use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques to boost recovery. We finally discuss rehabilitative protocols based on robotic devices as a tool to promote endogenous plasticity and functional restoration.

引用

页数：22

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