Caudate nucleus morphology in tardive dyskinesia

Objective. The objective of this project was to test whether there are differences in the size of the caudate nucleus in schizophrenic in-patients with and without tardive dyskinesia. Method. The study was cross-sectional in design, examining group differences between institutionalised schizophrenic patients with and without tardive dyskinesia, using non-enhanced computerised tomography scans of the brain. The group comprised 15 schizophrenic patients with persistent tardive dyskinesia and 21 in-patient schizophrenic; controls who were group-matched for demographic variables. Results. The dyskinetic subjects had a significantly larger left caudate nucleus and tended to have a larger right caudate nucleus than the controls. There were no differences between the groups on any of the measures of cerebral atrophy. Conclusions. The findings can be understood within the context of models of neostriatal function. It is possible that a larger caudate nucleus could be used to identify patients at risk of developing tardive dyskinesia.