Fire effects on ecosystem nitrogen cycling in a Californian bishop pine forest

被引:220
作者
Grogan, P
Bruns, TD
Chapin, FS
机构
[1] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant Ecol, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[3] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
ash; primary production; natural abundance; N-15; nitrate; Pinus muricata;
D O I
10.1007/s004420050977
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Fire can cause severe nitrogen (N) losses from grassland, chaparral, and temperate and boreal forest ecosystems. Paradoxically, soil ammonium levels are markedly increased by fire, resulting in high rates of primary production in re-establishing plant communities. In a manipulative experiment, we examined the influence of wild-fire ash residues on soil, microbial and plant N pools in a recently burned Californian bishop pine (Pinus muricata D. Don) forest. Ash stimulated post-fire primary production and ecosystem N retention through direct N inputs from ash to soils, as well as indirect ash effects on soil N availability to plants. These results suggest that redistribution of surface ash after fire by wind or water may cause substantial heterogeneity in soil N availability to plants? and could be an important mechanism contributing to vegetation patchiness in fire-prone ecosystems. In addition, we investigated the impact of fire on ecosystem N cycling by comparing N-15 natural abundance values from recently burned and nearby unburned P. muricata forest communities. At the burned site, N-15 natural abundance in recolonising species was similar to that in bulk soil organic matter. By contrast, there was a marked N-15 depletion in the same species relative to the total soil N pool at the unburned site. These results suggest that plant uptake of nitrate (which tends to be strongly depleted in N-15 because of fractionation during nitrification) is low in recently burned forest communities but could be an important component of ecosystem N cycling in mature conifer stands.
引用
收藏
页码:537 / 544
页数:8
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