Growth hormone, acting in part through the insulin-like growth factor axis, rescues developmental, but not metabolic, activity in the mammary gland of mice expressing a single allele of the prolactin receptor

被引:37
作者
Allan, GJ
Tonner, E
Barber, MC
Travers, MT
Shand, JH
Vernon, RG
Kelly, PA
Binart, N
Flint, DJ [1 ]
机构
[1] Hannah Res Inst, Ayr KA6 5HL, Scotland
[2] INSERM, U344, Fac Med Necker, F-75730 Paris, France
关键词
D O I
10.1210/en.2001-211191
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
The heterozygous prolactin (PRL) receptor (PRLR+/-) mouse fails to develop a fully functional mammary gland at the end of the first pregnancy and shows markedly impaired lobuloalveolar development and milk secretion in young females. PRL and GH, acting through the IGF system, have interactive effects to enhance epithelial cell survival. Thus, we propose that a reduction in the expression of the PRLR may lead to increased IGFBP-5 expression (proapoptotic) and that GH may rescue mammary development by increasing IGF-I, an important mitogen and survival factor for the mammary epithelium. Mammary IGF-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) concentrations and plasmin activity in PRLR+/- mice were increased on d 2 postpartum, indicative of increased cell death and extracellular matrix remodeling. After GH treatment, a restoration of mammary alveolar development and a reduction in the activities of IGFBP-5 and plasmin were observed. Despite the severely impaired mammary development in PRLR+/- mice, both mRNA and protein expression for caseins and acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) carboxylase and acetyl-CoA caboxylase-alpha mRNA increased at parturition, although not to the extent in wild-type animals. Surprisingly, GH treatment actually led to a further decrease in milk protein and acetylCoA carboxylase-alpha expression when expressed per cell. This was confirmed by the smaller alveolar size, the relative paucity of milk in the mammary glands of GH-treated animals, and the inability of their pups to gain weight. In a subsequent study IGFBP-5 was administered to wild-type mice and produced a 45% decrease in mammary DNA content, a 30% decrease in parenchymal tissue, and impaired lactation. These results suggest that GH can improve mammary development in PRLR+/- mice, but that it fails to enhance metabolic activity. This may be due to the maintenance by GH/IGF-I of a proliferative, rather than a differentiative, phenotype.
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收藏
页码:4310 / 4319
页数:10
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