The generality of working memory capacity: A latent-variable approach to verbal and visuospatial memory span and reasoning

被引:1122
作者
Kane, MJ
Hambrick, DZ
Tuholski, SW
Wilhelm, O
Payne, TW
Engle, RW
机构
[1] Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA
[2] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[3] Michigan State Univ, Dept Psychol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[4] So Illinois Univ, Dept Psychol, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0096-3445.133.2.189
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
A latent-variable study examined whether verbal and visuospatial working memory (WM) capacity measures reflect a primarily domain-general construct by testing 236 participants in 3 span tests each of verbal WM, visuospatial WM, verbal short-term memory (STM), and visuospatial STM, as well as in tests of verbal and spatial reasoning and general fluid intelligence (Gf). Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation models indicated that the WM tasks largely reflected a domain-general factor, whereas STM tasks, based on the same stimuli as the WM tasks, were much more domain specific. The WM construct was a strong predictor of Gf and a weaker predictor of domain-specific reasoning, and the reverse was true for the STM construct. The findings support a domain-general view of WM capacity, in which executive-attention processes drive the broad predictive utility of WM span measures, and domain-specific storage and rehearsal processes relate more strongly to domain-specific aspects of complex cognition.
引用
收藏
页码:189 / 217
页数:29
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