A split and recombination micromixer fabricated in a PDMS three-dimensional structure

In this paper we propose a new split and recombination (SAR) micromixer that is compatible with the microfabrication process of polydimethylsiloxane ( PDMS). We evaluate the mixing efficiency of the fabricated SAR micromixer and find that it increases interfaces exponentially. Simulation using CFD-ACE+ shows a cross-sectional view of the flow and estimates the mixing efficiency of the SAR micromixer and the pressure drop for a unit of the SAR micromixer. A mixing experiment involving phenolphthalein and NaOH solutions shows that interfaces, represented as red lines, are increased by SAR mixing. The result of our mixing experiment involving blue dye and water is evaluated to determine the mixing efficiency by calculating the standard deviation (stdev) of the pixel intensity of the observed image. After the seventh unit of the SAR micromixer, solutions are mixed to 90% at Re 0.6. The number of units needed to reach a mixed state in which the stdev is lower than 0.05, a 90% mixed state, increases from 5 to 10 for a flow rate ranging from 0.1 mu l min(-1) (Re 0.012) to 1000 mu l min(-1) ( Re 120) including numerical analysis results. The pressure drop increases proportionally from 2.8 Pa to 35 000 Pa when the flow rate increases from 0.1 mu l min(-1) (Re 0.012) to 1000 mu l min(-1) ( Re 120) in the numerical analysis results.