Atomic quadrupolar photoemission asymmetry parameters from a solid state measurement

A method for measuring the asymmetry parameter gamma arising from dipole-quadrupole interference in core-level photoemission is proposed which is based on condensed thin films and exploits the influence of this asymmetry in photoemission monitoring of x-ray standing wave field absorption. The high density of material in this method offers some advantages over a conventional gas-phase measurement. Results are presented for C, O, and F Is photoemission at photon energies around 3 keV. The combined nondipole asymmetry factor (delta + gamma/3) for non-s-states can be determined in a similar way.