Contaminant effects on the teleost fish thyroid

被引:204
作者
Brown, SB
Adams, BA
Cyr, DG
Eales, JG
机构
[1] Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada
[2] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada
[3] Univ Quebec, Inst Armand Frappier, Inst Natl Res Sci, Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 1G6, Canada
[4] Univ Manitoba, Dept Zool, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
关键词
thyroid; pollutants; L-thyroxine; triiodo-L-thyronine; fish;
D O I
10.1897/03-242
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Numerous environmentally relevant chemicals, including polychlorinated hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated paraffins, organophosphorous pesticides, carbamate pesticides, cyanide compounds, methyl bromide, phenols, ammonia, metals, acid loads, sex steroids, and pharmaceuticals, exert acute or chronic effects on the thyroid cascade in the approximately 40 teleost fish species tested to date. Thyroid endpoints, therefore, serve as biomarkers of exposure to environmental pollutants. However, the mechanisms underlying thyroid changes and their physiological consequences are poorly understood because the thyroid cascade may respond indirectly and it has considerable capacity to compensate for abuses that otherwise would disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. Indeed, a xenobiotic-induced change in fish thyroid function has yet to be conclusively causally linked to decreased fitness or survival. Other complications in interpretation arise from the diversity of test conditions employed and the often indiscriminate use of numerous thyroid endpoints. Future work should be directed toward standardizing test conditions and thyroid endpoints and investigating causal links between thyroid changes and fish growth, reproduction, and development. Development may be particularly susceptible to thyroid disruption, and thyroid endpoints appropriate for early life stages need to be applied.
引用
收藏
页码:1680 / 1701
页数:22
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