Influence of dairy manure addition on the biological and thermal kinetics of composting of greenhouse tomato plant residues

被引:27
作者
Alkoaik, F. [1 ]
Ghaly, A. E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Dalhousie Univ, Biol Engn Dept, Halifax, NS B3J 2K9, Canada
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.wasman.2005.11.023
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
A laboratory-scale bioreactor was used to investigate the influence of dairy manure addition (as an inoculum and a carbon source) on the biological and thermal kinetics of the composting process of tomato plant residues-wood shavings mixture. Urea was added (as a nitrogen source) to correct the initial C:N ratio to 30:1 and the initial moisture content was also adjusted to 60%. The result of this study indicated that manure addition to the tomato residues-wood shavings mixture is a good source of macro and micronutrients required for supporting the composting microorganisms. Manure addition increased the rate of temperature increase and the duration of maximum temperature and reduced the lag and the peak time, all of which resulted in a significant reduction in the retention time. However, thermophilic temperature (>= 40 degrees C) was only achieved with 30%, 40% and 50% manure addition for 3, 7 and 9 h. Total carbon reductions were in the range of 9.4-10.8% and TKN reductions were in the range of 3.4-6.0%. Neither the nitrogen nor the moisture content were limiting factors as the C:N ratio remained in the range of 26:1 to 28:1 and the moisture content remained within the optimum range of 58-61%. The maximum temperature of each mixture correlated with the reduction of total carbon, but carbon availability was a limiting factor in these experiments. In order to attain and sustain a thermophilic phase during the composting process, the addition of a readily available carbon source to the tomato should be investigated and carbon type (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) should be taken into account. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:902 / 913
页数:12
相关论文
共 65 条
[1]  
*AAFC, 2001, PROF CAN GREENH TOM
[2]  
Alkoaik F, 2005, COMPOST SCI UTIL, V13, P262
[3]  
[Anonymous], 1989, ORGANIC WASTE RECYCL
[4]  
*ASTM, 2001, ANN ASTM STAND METH
[5]   Biodegradability and microbial activities during composting of poultry litter [J].
Atkinson, CF ;
Jones, DD ;
Gauthier, JJ .
POULTRY SCIENCE, 1996, 75 (05) :608-617
[6]   Gaseous emissions of carbon dioxide, ammonia and nitrous oxide from organic household waste in a compost reactor under different temperature regimes [J].
Beck-Friis, B ;
Smårs, S ;
Jönsson, H ;
Kirchmann, H .
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH, 2001, 78 (04) :423-430
[7]  
Bertoldi M., 1983, Waste Management Research, V1, P157, DOI [10.1016/0734-242X(83)90055-1, DOI 10.1177/0734242X8300100118, https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-242X(83)90055-1]
[8]  
BITTON G, 1999, WASTEWATER MICROBIOL, P209
[9]  
BROWN A, 1985, Journal of Applied Biochemistry, V7, P371
[10]  
*CFIA, 1996, GUID FERT ACT REG