Stellar evolution with rotation -: VIII.: Models at Z=10-5 and CNO yields for early galactic evolution

被引:385
作者
Meynet, G [1 ]
Maeder, A [1 ]
机构
[1] Observ Geneva, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland
关键词
nuclear reactions; nucleosynthesis; abundances; stars : interiors; stars : evolution; stars : rotation; stars : early-types; stars : AGB and post-AGB;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361:20020755
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We calculate a grid of star models with and without the effects of axial rotation for stars in the mass range between 2 and 60 M-circle dot for the metallicity Z = 10(-5). Star models with initial masses superior or equal to 9 M-circle dot were computed up to the end of the carbon-burning phase. Star models with masses between 2 and 7 M-circle dot were evolved beyond the end of the He-burning phase through a few thermal pulses during the AGB phase. Compared to models at Z = 0:02, the low Z models show faster rotating cores and stronger internal Omega-gradients, which favour an important mixing of the chemical elements. The enhancement of N/C at the surface may reach 2 to 3 orders of magnitude for fast rotating stars. Surface enrichments may make the evolved stars less metal poor than they were initially. In very low Z models, primary nitrogen is produced during the He-burning phase by rotational diffusion of C-12 into the H-burning shell. A large fraction of the primary N-14 escapes further destruction and enters the envelope of AGB stars, being ejected during the TP-AGB phase and the formation of a planetary nebula. The intermediate mass stars of very low Z are the main producers of primary N-14, but massive stars also contribute to this production; no significant primary nitrogen is made in models at metallicity Z = 0:004 or above. We calculate the chemical yields in He, C, N, O and heavy elements and discuss the chemical evolution of the CNO elements at very low Z. Remarkably, the C/O vs.O/H diagram is mainly sensitive to the interval of stellar masses, while the N/O vs.O/H diagram is mainly sensitive to the average rotation of the stars contributing to the element synthesis. The presently available observations in these diagrams seem to favour contributions either from stars down to about 2 M-circle dot with normal rotation velocities or from stars above 8 M-circle dot but with very fast rotation.
引用
收藏
页码:561 / 583
页数:23
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