Intelligence, schooling, and society

IQ test scores are measures of g, or general intelligence-the common element present in diverse tests of cognitive abilities that are positively related to each other IQ scores are related to the acquisition of knowledge in school and occupational settings. IQ test scores also relate to the academic achievements of one's children. In many contexts, the relationship between IQ and various outcomes is not attributable to the relationship between IQ and social class background. Ie is an index that distinguishes among individuals with common social and demographic backgrounds. The relationship between re and various outcome measures may be reduced by relying on multivariable selection procedures, by modifying educational and occupational practices, and by interventions designed to increase IQ. Representative studies that provide evidence for these assertions are considered. Although the influence of the ability indexed by IQ may be reduced, it probably cannot be eliminated.