Seasonal variation of bacteria in sea ice contaminated by diesel fuel and dispersed crude oil

被引:48
作者
Delille, D [1 ]
Basseres, A [1 ]
Dessommes, A [1 ]
机构
[1] ELF AQUITAINE CO,GRP RECH LACQ,ENVIRONM SERV,F-64170 ARTIX,FRANCE
关键词
D O I
10.1007/s002489900012
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The long-term effects of diesel fuel and ''Arabian light'' crude oil contamination on microbial communities was investigated in land-fast ice located in the Terre Adelie area (Antarctica). After oil addition, the changes in bacterial communities were studied in situ during a nine-month period in austral winter 1993. Weekly sampling in sea ice allowed a regular survey of total, saprophytic, and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria. A clear seasonality was observed. In uncontaminated samples, maximal values of bacterial biomass occurred during ice formation and just before summer thaw. Minimal bacterial abundance (<10(5) cells ml(-1)) was observed during winter. All the results (bacterial abundance, colony-forming units, and most probable number counts of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria) clearly revealed a significant response of Antarctic bacterial communities to hydrocarbon contamination. Three orders of magnitude increases of bacterial counts occurred in sea ice after both diesel fuel and crude oil contamination. A concomitant enrichment in oil-degrading bacteria was generally observed from less than 0.001% of the community in uncontaminated samples to 10% after 30 weeks of contamination. Addition of fertilizer (Inipol EAP 22) enhanced both saprophytic and hydrocarbon-utilizing communities. The natural winter decline of saprophytic bacterial abundance was totally absent in sea ice treated with diesel fuel oil supplemented with Inipol.
引用
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页码:97 / 105
页数:9
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