Pathogenicity and virulence

被引:74
作者
Thomas, SR
Elkinton, JS [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Organism & Evolut Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
[2] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
pathogenicity; virulence; terminology; measure; bioassay;
D O I
10.1016/j.jip.2004.01.006
中图分类号
Q95 [动物学];
学科分类号
071002 ;
摘要
Invertebrate pathologists have multiple definitions for the terms pathogenicity and virulence, and these definitions vary across disciplines that focus on host-pathogen interactions. We surveyed various literatures, including plant pathology, invertebrate pathology, evolutionary biology, and medicine, and found most define pathogenicity as the broader term, which incorporates virulence. Virulence is seen as the severity of disease manifestation that can only be measured in infected individuals. These definitions readily apply to both lethal and non-lethal diseases. Invertebrate pathologists commonly use dose-response bioassays to estimate LD50 or LC50 (dose or concentration needed to kill 50% of hosts exposed). These bioassays measure pathogenicity if the bioassay includes a transmission component, and measure virulence if the bioassay is measured in infected individuals only. Another common bioassay estimate is LT50 (median time to death of infected hosts), which is a measure of virulence as long as survivors are not included in its calculation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:146 / 151
页数:6
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