Characterization of particles from a current technology heavy-duty diesel engine

被引:156
作者
Shi, JP [1 ]
Mark, D [1 ]
Harrison, RM [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Birmingham, Inst Publ & Environm Hlth, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
关键词
D O I
10.1021/es990530z
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The physical properties, chemical properties, and morphology of particles from a current technology diesel engine run under steady-state conditions were determined during.five campaigns across three calendar years. Concentrations of particulate matter, NOx, HC, CO, and CO2 measured at a fixed sampling position were found to be repeatable between different campaigns. However, particle size distributions and number concentrations were significantly affected by dilution conditions. Particle density, estimated using a volume size distribution estimated from an ELPI together with measured mass, was found to be below 1 g/cm(3) at nonzero loads, but this is explained by an overestimation of volume by the ELPI due to particle fractal properties. Particle phase SO42-, NO3-, PAH, organic carbon, and elemental carbon were found to vary with engine operating modes. Particles emitted from a modern diesel engine had similar cluster structures to those from old engines but consisted of smaller basic particles when analyzed with a TEM. A semivolatile liquid fraction was not normally visible in the TEM but was seen when trapped within a folded carbon film. Very fine (<10 nm) single particles were observed in diluted exhaust by TEM and confirmed by SMPS.
引用
收藏
页码:748 / 755
页数:8
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