Patterns, costs and cost-effectiveness of care in a trial of chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

In a recently published randomised trial of chemotherapy versus palliative care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (the MIC2 trial), chemotherapy was shown to prolong survival without compromising quality of life. The study presented here examines patterns of care and their associated costs within a representative subgroup of patients from the MIC2 trial. The study consisted of 116 patients from the South Birmingham Health Authority area. The total health service cost for each patient from entry to trial to death or last follow-up was calculated by combining the resources used with their associated unit costs. The mean cost for patients with complete data on the chemotherapy arm was pound6999 (standard deviation (S.D.) pound4194) compared to pound4076 (S.D. pound3078) for those with complete data on the palliative care arm. Non-parametric bootstrapping gave a difference between treatment arms in mean cost of pound2924 (95% CI pound1234-pound4323). With a difference in mean survival of 2.4 months, this translates to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of pound14620 per life year gained. Chemotherapy was found to be more costly than standard palliative care, mainly due to the increased number of hospital in-patient days. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.