Ophiolites of the Kunlun mountains, China and their tectonic implications

被引:338
作者
Yang, JS [1 ]
Robinson, PT [1 ]
Jiang, CF [1 ]
Xu, ZQ [1 ]
机构
[1] DALHOUSIE UNIV,CTR MARINE GEOL,HALIFAX,NS B3H 3J5,CANADA
关键词
D O I
10.1016/0040-1951(95)00199-9
中图分类号
P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];
学科分类号
0708 ; 070902 ;
摘要
Three ophiolite belts, ranging in age from Cambrian to Triassic, provide valuable data on the tectonic evolution of the Kunlun Mountains which lie along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. All of the ophiolites contain dismembered but nearly complete assemblages of peridotite, mafic and ultramafic cumulates, pillow and massive lavas and radiolarian cherts. (1) The oldest belt contains ophiolites of Cambrian age, but the initial spreading of the ocean basin most likely began in the Late Proterozoic. These ophiolites outcrop in the central part of the eastern Kunlun, extend for at least a few hundred kilometers, and are believed to reflect a small ocean basin. Closure of this ocean led the accretion of south Kunlun block to the north Kunlun block and Tarim craton. Ophiolitic lavas in this belt have island are affinities. (2) A second belt of early Carboniferous ophiolites extends nearly 600 km along the northern margin of the western Kunlun. Lavas in this belt are basalt, basaltic andesite and andesite, all of which have compositions characteristic of volcanic arcs. This ocean basin possibly developed on the basis of the early Paleozoic oceanic basin. Closure of this ocean basin by southward subduction in the early Permian produced a suite of calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in what is now the central part of the western Kunlun. (3) The third belt extends nearly 1200 km along the southern margin of the Eastern Kunlun and contains numerous ophiolites of Early Permian to Middle Triassic age. These ophiolites are highly tectonized, containing volcanic rocks with the geochemical characteristics of mid-ocean ridges, oceanic islands and volcanic arcs. This belt is tentatively interpreted as the suture zone between Gondwana and Eurasia.
引用
收藏
页码:215 / 231
页数:17
相关论文
共 36 条
[1]   STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF THE HIMALAYA-TIBET OROGENIC BELT [J].
ALLEGRE, CJ ;
COURTILLOT, V ;
TAPPONNIER, P ;
HIRN, A ;
MATTAUER, M ;
COULON, C ;
JAEGER, JJ ;
ACHACHE, J ;
SCHARER, U ;
MARCOUX, J ;
BURG, JP ;
GIRARDEAU, J ;
ARMIJO, R ;
GARIEPY, C ;
GOPEL, C ;
LI, TD ;
XIAO, XC ;
CHANG, CF ;
LI, GQ ;
LIN, BY ;
TENG, JW ;
WANG, NW ;
CHEN, GM ;
HAN, TL ;
WANG, XB ;
DEN, WM ;
SHENG, HB ;
CAO, YG ;
ZHOU, J ;
QIU, HR ;
BAO, PS ;
WANG, SC ;
WANG, BX ;
ZHOU, YX ;
RONGHUA, X .
NATURE, 1984, 307 (5946) :17-22
[2]  
[Anonymous], TECTONICS EVOLUTION
[3]  
BAI WJ, 1987, J CHANGCHUN COLL GEO, V17, P131
[4]  
BAI WJ, 1985, J CHANGCHUN COLL GEO, V15, P21
[5]  
BAI WJ, 1988, REG GEOL CHINA, V4, P361
[6]   GEOLOGY OF THE ULUGH-MUZTAGH AREA, NORTHERN TIBET [J].
BURCHFIEL, BC ;
MOLNAR, P ;
ZHAO, ZY ;
LIANG, K ;
WANG, SJ ;
HUANG, MM ;
SUTTER, J .
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 1989, 94 (1-2) :57-70
[7]  
CHAI Y, 1986, 2 NAT S BAS ULTR ROC
[8]   PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS OF THE ROYAL-SOCIETY AND ACADEMIA-SINICA 1985 GEOTRAVERSE OF TIBET [J].
CHANG, CF ;
CHEN, NS ;
COWARD, MP ;
DENG, WM ;
DEWEY, JF ;
GANSSER, A ;
HARRIS, NBW ;
JIN, CW ;
KIDD, WSF ;
LEEDER, MR ;
LI, HA ;
LIN, JL ;
LIU, CJ ;
MEI, HJ ;
MOLNAR, P ;
PAN, Y ;
PAN, YS ;
PEARCE, JA ;
SHACKLETON, RM ;
SMITH, AB ;
SUN, YY ;
WARD, M ;
WATTS, DR ;
XU, JT ;
XU, RH ;
YIN, JX ;
ZHANG, YQ .
NATURE, 1986, 323 (6088) :501-507
[9]  
Chen R., 1995, S UPL DEF DEEP STRUC
[10]   CHROMIAN SPINEL AS A PETROGENETIC INDICATOR IN ABYSSAL AND ALPINE-TYPE PERIDOTITES AND SPATIALLY ASSOCIATED LAVAS [J].
DICK, HJB ;
BULLEN, T .
CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 1984, 86 (01) :54-76