Evaluation of current fertilizer practice and soil fertility in vegetable production in the Beijing region

被引:270
作者
Chen, Q
Zhang, XS
Zhang, HY
Christie, P
Li, XL
Horlacher, D
Liebig, HP
机构
[1] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Nutr, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Sonderkulturen & Prod Physiol, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
[3] Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Belfast BT9 5PX, Antrim, North Ireland
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
fertilizer survey; North China Plain; nutrient accumulation; nutrient balance; soil fertility; vegetable production;
D O I
10.1023/B:FRES.0000025293.99199.ff
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
A survey on current fertilizer practices and their effects on soil fertility and soil salinity was conducted from 1996 to 2000 in Beijing Province, a major vegetable production area in the North China Plain. Inputs of the major nutrients (NPK) and fertilizer application methods and sources for different vegetable species and field conditions were evaluated. Excessive N and P fertilizer application, often up to about 5 times the crop requirement in the case of N, was very common, especially for high-value crops. Potassium supply may have been inadequate for some crops such as leafy vegetables. Urea, diammonium orthophosphate ((NH4)(2)HPO4) and chicken manure were the major nutrient sources for vegetable production in the region. Over 50% of N, 60% of P and nearly 90% of K applied originated from organic manure. Total N application rate for open-field Chinese cabbage from organic manure and inorganic fertilizers ranged from 300 to 900 kg N ha(-1) on 78% of the farms surveyed. More than 35% of the surveyed greenhouse-grown tomato crops received >1000 kg N ha(-1) from organic and inorganic sources. A negative K balance (applied K minus K removed by the crop) was found in two-thirds of the surveyed fields of open-field Chinese cabbage and half of the surveyed fields of greenhouse-grown tomato. Plant-available N, P and K increased with increasing length of the period the greenhouse soils had been used for vegetable production. Similarly, soil salinity increased more in greenhouse soils than in open-field soils. The results indicate that balanced NPK fertilizer use and maintenance of soil quality are important for the development of sustainable vegetable production systems in this region.
引用
收藏
页码:51 / 58
页数:8
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