Characteristics and geographical profile of strongyloidiasis in healthcare area 11 of the Valencian community (Spain)

Introduction. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of all cases of strongyloidiasis diagnosed in the period 1995-1999 (both years included) in Area 11 of the Valencian Community (Spain) and their possible correlation to certain geographical and environmental conditions. Material and methods. This is a retrospective, descriptive study. Information was collected using a telephone survey. Results. A total of 473 cases of strongyloidiasis were diagnosed. Of the total patients, 282 (60%) answered to the survey. There were 342 mates (72%) and 131 females (28%). Ninety-four percent of the patients were in the 51-91 years age interval. Only three patients had been born abroad, while 15 had been on brief holidays to countries where the disease is endemic. The largest concentration of cases was found in zones 1 (0.49%) and 6 (0.9%), both having similar geomorphic characteristics. The professional activity of patients was recorded in 215 cases. The most frequent occupation was agriculture, with 124 cases (58%). Risk activities were recorded in 184 cases, the growing of rice in 145 patients (79%) being the most important. Discussion. Strongyloides stercoralis infestation is endemic and possibly related to agricultural activities performed in previous years, and to the geographical characteristics of some parts of the area. (C) 2004 The British Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.