A worldwide review of support mechanisms for car clubs

被引:30
作者
Enoch, Marcus P. [1 ]
Taylor, Jo
机构
[1] Univ Loughborough, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn, Transport Studies Grp, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England
[2] Eth Property Fdn, London EC2A 4JX, England
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.tranpol.2006.04.001
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
Car clubs have operated on a large scale only since 1987, when the first scheme began in Switzerland, although prior to that there were several smaller-scale projects. Schemes then spread to Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. More recently, car clubs have been set up in the UK, Denmark, Italy, and Sweden, and in Canada and the USA. These clubs have developed (and are still developing) in a number of ways. Some schemes are community-level schemes with only one or two vehicles, while others are national organisations with many thousands of members. And some schemes are run by volunteers and are non-profit making, while others are commercial ventures run by international companies. Despite such diverse beginnings, it is clear that the vast majority of schemes face similar problems in becoming established. One major barrier has been the lack of involvement or support from local and national Government. Given the potential benefits of car clubs to deliver environmental and social improvements to communities, this is somewhat surprising. As experience of car clubs spreads, this situation has begun to change and there are signs that Government attitudes across the world are becoming more enthusiastic to the idea of encouraging car clubs. This paper draws on the results of a state-of-the-art review, based on several face-to-face and telephone interviews, email communications, internet sites and existing literature to identify cases where such a change in attitude has occurred, how various levels of Government have translated this into action, and what lessons could be learnt from each example. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:434 / 443
页数:10
相关论文
共 62 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], WORLD TRANSP POLICY
[2]  
[Anonymous], 1995, PUBLIC POLICY
[3]  
BADENHOP K, 2001, COMMUNICATION 1004
[4]  
BALL C, 2001, ACHIEVING LOW CAR HO
[5]   Shared-use vehicle systems - Framework for classifying carsharing, station cars, and combined approaches [J].
Barth, M ;
Shaheen, SA .
TRANSIT: BUSES, PARATRANSIT, RURAL PUBLIC BUSES, AND INTERCITY TRANSIT; NEW TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY: CAPACITY AND QUALITY OF SERVICE: PUBLIC TRANSIT, 2002, (1791) :105-112
[6]  
BOND R, 2001, SURVEYOR 0913, P7
[7]  
Bonsall P., 2002, Car Share and Car Clubs: Potential Impacts
[8]  
BORGHUIS J, 2001, COMMUNICATION
[9]  
BOURDON A, 2003, COMMUNICATION 1015
[10]  
BRITTON E, 2001, CARSHARING 2001 SOME