Molecular bonding and interactions at aqueous surfaces as probed by vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy

Recently, experimental techniques became available to provide information on the molecular structure and bonding that occurs at aqueous surfaces and interfaces. As such, vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (VSFS) is increasingly becoming a tool of choice for such studies because of its ability to measure the vibrational spectroscopy of molecules with inherent surface specificity, and the ability to make such measurements in a conventional laboratory setting. This paper gives an overview of VSFS studies that are conducted on aqueous surfaces and the contributions that the results are made to the field.