Contribution of 20-HETE to vasodilator actions of nitric oxide in the cerebral microcirculation

Background and Purpose-The present study examined the contributions of a rise in cGMP versus a fall in 20-HETE levels to the vasodilator response to nitric oxide (NO) in the cerebral circulation of the rat. Methods-Intact rat middle cerebral and basilar arteries were bathed in physiological saline solution containing indomethacin (5 mu mol/L) and baicalein (0.5 mu mol/L) and pressurized at 90 mm Hg. Relaxations to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were studied before and after addition of [1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one] (ODQ, a guanylyl cyclase blocker), 8R,9S,11S-(-)-9-methoxy-carbamyl-8-methyl trizadibenzo-(a,g)-cycloocta-(c,d,e)-trinden-1-one (KT5823, a protein kinase G blocker), and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). Cerebral blood flow was measured by using a laser Doppler flow probe over a thin cranial window in anesthetized rats, and the effects of intracerebroventricular infusion of 1-hexamine,6-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitrosohydrazino)N-methyl (MAHMA nonoate) and dibromododecenyl methylsulfimide (DDMS) were determined. Results-SNP-induced dilation of serotonin-preconstricted (0.2 mu mol/L) middle cerebral arteries (10(-7) to 10(-3) mom) was attenuated in arteries treated with ODQ (10 mu mol/L) or KT5823 (1 mu mol/L) by 52% and 27%, respectively. Preventing the NO-induced fall in intracellular 20-HETE, by adding 20-HETE (100 nmol/L) to the bath, reduced the dilation to SNP by 62%. Simultaneous administration of ODQ and 20-HETE markedly attenuated the SNP-induced dilation by 90%. In basilar arteries, ODQ (10 mu mol/L) alone completely blocked the response to SNP, Infusion of MAHMA nonoate (10 nmol/min ICV) in anesthetized rats increased cerebral blood flow by 52% before and 8% after blockade of the endogenous production of 20-HETE with DDMS (50 pmol/min). Conclusions-These results suggest that NO dilates cerebral arteries through both cGMP-dependent and cGMP-independent pathways and that inhibition of 20-HETE formation contributes to the cerebral vasodilator response to NO both in vitro and in vivo.