Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control and Sodium Intake in Shandong Province, China: Baseline Results From Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt Reduction and Hypertension (SMASH), 2011

被引:46
作者
Bi, Zhenqiang [2 ,3 ]
Liang, Xiaofeng [1 ]
Xu, Aiqiang [2 ,3 ]
Wang, Linghong [4 ]
Shi, Xiaoming [1 ]
Zhao, Wenhua [1 ]
Ma, Jixiang [4 ]
Guo, Xiaolei [2 ,3 ]
Zhang, Xiaofei [5 ]
Zhang, Jiyu [2 ,3 ]
Ren, Jie [2 ,3 ]
Yan, Liuxia [4 ]
Lu, Zilong [2 ,3 ]
Wang, Huicheng [1 ]
Tang, Junli [2 ,3 ]
Cai, Xiaoning [4 ]
Dong, Jing [2 ,3 ]
Zhang, Juan [1 ]
Chu, Jie [2 ,3 ]
Engelgau, Michael [6 ]
Yang, Quanhe [6 ]
Hong, Yuling [6 ]
Wang, Yu [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China
[2] Shandong Univ, Acad Prevent Med, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China
[3] Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China
[4] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron & Noncommunicable Dis Control & Pr, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China
[5] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Med, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China
[6] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA
来源
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE | 2014年 / 11卷
关键词
DIETARY; TRENDS;
D O I
10.5888/pcd11.130423
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Introduction In China, population-based blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension are increasing. Meanwhile, sodium intake, a major risk factor for hypertension, is high. In 2011, to develop intervention priorities for a salt reduction and hypertension control project in Shandong Province (population 96 million), a cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect information on sodium intake and hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control. Methods Complex, multistage sampling methods were used to select a provincial-representative adult sample. Blood pressure was measured and a survey conducted among all participants; condiments were weighed in the household, a 24-hour dietary recall was conducted, and urine was collected. Hypertension was determined by blood pressure measured on a single occasion and self-reported use of antihypertension medications. Results Overall, 23.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.9%-26.0%) of adults in Shandong were estimated to have hypertension. Among those classified as having hypertension, approximately one-third (34.5%) reported having hypertension, approximately one-fourth (27.5%) reported taking medications, and one-seventh (14.9%) had their blood pressure controlled (<140/<90 mm Hg). Estimated total average daily dietary sodium intake was 5,745 mg (95% CI, 5,428 mg-6,063 mg). Most dietary sodium (80.8%) came from salt and high-salt condiments added during cooking: a sodium intake of 4,640 mg (95% CI, 4,360 mg-4,920 mg). The average daily urinary sodium excretion was 5,398 mg (95% CI, 5,112 mg-5,683 mg). Conclusion Hypertension and excessive sodium intake in adults are major public health problems in Shandong Province, China.
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页数:15
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