Oriented Nanostructures for Energy Conversion and Storage

被引：336

作者：

Liu, Jun ^{[1
]}

Cao, Guozhong ^{[2
]}

Yang, Zhenguo ^{[1
]}

Wang, Donghai ^{[1
]}

Dubois, Dan ^{[1
]}

Zhou, Xiaodong ^{[1
]}

Graff, Gordon L. ^{[1
]}

Pederson, Larry R. ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Ji-Guang ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA

[2] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

来源：

CHEMSUSCHEM | 2008年 / 1卷 / 8-9期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

energy conversion; energy storage; materials science; nanostructures;

D O I：

10.1002/cssc.200800087

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Recently, the role of nonostructured materials in addressing the challenges in energy and natural resources has attracted wide attention. In particular, oriented nonostructures demonstrate promising properties for energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. In this Review, we highlight the synthesis and application of oriented nanostructures in a few key areas of energy technologies, namely photovoltaics, batteries, supercapacitors, and thermoelectrics. Although the applications differ from field to field, a common fundamental challenge is to improve the generation and transport of electrons and ions. We highlight the role of high surface area to maximize the surface activity and discuss the importance of optimum dimension and architecture, controlled pore channels, and alignment of the nonocrystalline phase to optimize the transport of electrons and ions. Finally, we discuss the challenges in attaining integrated architectures to achieve the desired performance. Brief background information is provided for the relevant technologies, but the emphasis is focused mainly on the nanoscale effects of mostly inorganic-based materials and devices.

引用

页码：676 / 697

页数：22

共 310 条

[1] THE STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM OF IRON-HYDROGENASES [J].