Features of the transformation of HgII by heterogeneous photocatalysis over TiO2

UV/TiO(2) photocatalysis of 0.5 mM mercuric aqueous solutions has been analyzed starting from Hg(NO(3))(2), Hg(ClO(4))(2) and HgCl(2) at different pH (3, 7 and 11) and in the presence or absence of oxygen. Profiles of Hg(II) concentration with time were characterized by a relatively rapid initial conversion followed by a decrease or an arrest of the rate, the shape of profiles changing with the conditions. Conversions at 60 min and initial quantum efficiencies have been found dependent on the initial conditions and type of mercuric salt. The faster transformation took place at pH 11 for all salts. A good transformation yield is observed also for HgCl(2), which behaves differently to the other two salts, at pH 3 under nitrogen and pH 7 (N(2) or O(2))Inhibition by oxygen was observed in acid and neutral media but not at basic pH. When the conversion was 50% or more, pale or dark gray solids were deposited on the catalyst, identified as mixtures of Hg(0), HgO or Hg(2)Cl(2). A unique kinetic scheme could not be defined, which seemed to depend on the nature of the mercury salt, the ambient conditions and the type of deposit. Implications of the application of the technique to real systems are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.