Improving the traditional earth construction: a case study of Botswana

The traditional societies developed earth as one of the most important construction materials by taking cognizance of the strength requirements, durability of resulting structures and the environmental concern in processing and using the material. Over the years, however, modern earth construction has replaced the traditional methods. Unfortunately, these methods are also accompanied by high energy consumption and environmental degradation. This paper examines the methods of improving earth construction in two major villages in Botswana. Tests with different stabilizers showed that only certain proportions were effective and it was concluded that the traditional earth construction may be improved by using certain ratios of cement and lime as stabilizers. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.