Corneal graft rejection precipitated by uveitis secondary to alendronate sodium therapy

Purpose: To report a case of corneal graft rejection precipitated by severe uveitis secondary to alendronate therapy and to review the literature of relevance to this case. Methods: A 77-year-old woman with a hypopyon and corneal graft rejection was studied for possible precipitants, including herpes viral and bacterial infection. Results were negative. She was treated unsuccessfully with systemic and topical steroids, systemic antivirals, and intraocular antibiotic therapy. Results: Withdrawal of alendronate resulted in rapid resolution of intraocular inflammation and corneal edema. Conclusion: We recommend vigilance in corneal transplant patients on simultaneous bisphosphonate therapy. Caution is advised in the extension to human trials of animal studies investigating the use of bisphosphonates in corneal transplantation.