Relationship of serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α levels with abdominal fat distribution evaluated by ultrasonography in overweight or obese postmenopausal women

Background: The objective of this study was to measure associations of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) levels with anthroponnetric and abdominal fat distribution in overweight or obese postmenopausal women. Methods: One hundred eight overweight or obese postmenopausal were evaluated. Demographic and anthropometric measurements were done. Serum IL-6, TNF-a, glucose, and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by using homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The assessment of abdominal fat distribution was performed by ultrasonography. Statistical analysis was made with Pearson and partial correlation analysis. Results: There was a positive correlation between serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha (r = .19; p = .047). IL-6 was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = .43; p = .0001), waist circumference (r = .41; p = .0001), and visceral fat layer (r = .33; p = .0001) measurements and HOMA-IR index (r = .31, p = .001). A positive relationship between HOMA-IR and visceral fat layer thickness was observed (r = .320; p = .0001). TNF-alpha was positively associated with BMI but not with any measures of central obesity. When adjustment for BMI was performed, there were no significant relationships between the studied parameters. Conclusions: There are no significant correlations between abdominal fat distributions measured by ultrasonography and circulating IL-6 and TNF-a levels. BMI may have a stronger association with circulating inflammatory cytokine concentrations than with different measures of central obesity in overweight or obese postmenopausal women.