Randomized trial of lidocaine ointment versus placebo for the treatment of postpartum perineal pain

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy of lidocaine ointment in relieving pain after a vaginal delivery with an episiotomy or perineal laceration. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 200 women received lidocaine ointment (n = 108) or a placebo (n = 92). Pain relief was assessed by the amount of ointment used (weight of jar before use - weight of jar after use), total number of pain pills used, and a pain questionnaire. The sample size was calculated using a 6 of. 2 and an a of .05 with an expected reduction of other pain medications from an average use of six pills to four pills for the population. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the amount of lidocaine versus placebo used for postpartum day 1 (5.1 g versus 4.0 g, respectively [P =.131) or day 2 (3.7 g versus 2.6 g, respectively [P =.181). Patients receiving lidocaine instead of the placebo showed no significant difference in die total amount of postpartum pain medications (6.3 versus 6.8 tablets, respectively [P =.531), subjective pain parameters (P =.36), or satisfaction from ointment (P =.99). Patients with an episiotomy used more pain medications than those with a laceration (7.9 versus 5.6 tablets, respectively [P =.003]). Those with minor versus major lacerations required fewer pain pills (6.1 versus 10.8 tablets, respectively [P <.001]) and used less ointment (4.3 g versus 7.9 g, respectively [P =.02]) on the first postpartum day. CONCLUSION: Topical application of 5% lidocaine ointment was not effective in relieving episiotomy or perineal laceration pain. (C) 2002 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.