Sintering and characterization of HA and TCP bioceramics with control of their strength and phase purity

HA and beta-TCP-based ceramics were prepared using commercial powders. Powder characteristics were defined and the processing parameters studied, aimed at the production of samples with improved microstructural and mechanical properties. The behaviour of HA powder subjected to various thermal treatments was investigated in order to control the formation of secondary phases (alpha- and beta-TCP) during sintering. The optimal thermal treatment required to prepare pure beta-TCP powder from the precursors (HA and DCP) was determined and the sintering method required to prepare fully dense beta-TCP completely free from alpha-form, was identified. Translucent hot-pressed beta-TCP ceramics with potential applications in aesthetic restorative prostheses were prepared and characterized. The interval of existence of <(alpha)over bar>-TCP and alpha-TCP as secondary products was also defined. Crystallographic analysis was carried out on the imperfectly known low-temperature <(alpha)over bar>-TCP phase, and a proper monoclinic unit cell determined.