Human occupations and climate change in the Puna de Atacama, Chile

被引:209
作者
Núñez, L
Grosjean, M
Cartajena, I
机构
[1] Univ Bern, Natl Ctr Competence Res Climate, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
[2] Univ Catolica Norte, Inst Invest Arqueol & Museo, San Pedro, Atacama, Chile
[3] Univ Chile, Dept Antropol, Santiago, Chile
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1076449
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Widespread evidence for human occupation of the Atacama Desert, 20degrees to 25degreesS in northern Chile, has been found from 13,000 calibrated 14 C years before the present (cal yr B. P.) to 9500 cal yr B. P., and again after 4500 cal yr B. P. Initial human occupation coincided with a change from very dry environments to humid environments. More than 39 open early Archaic campsites at elevations above 3600 meters show that hunters lived around late glacial/early Holocene paleolakes on the Altiplano. Cessation of the use of the sites between 9500 and 4500 cal yr B. P. is associated with drying of the lakes. The mid-Holocene collapse of human occupation is also recorded in cave deposits. One cave contained Pleistocene fauna associated with human artifacts. Faunal diversity was highest during the humid early Holocene.
引用
收藏
页码:821 / 824
页数:5
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