Left ventricular Tei index in children: Comparison of tissue Doppler imaging, pulsed wave Doppler, and M-mode echocardiography normal values

The Tei index has been found to be useful for analyzing systolic and diastolic global ventricular function in a wide variety of congenital and acquired cardiac abnormalities. However, there are some discrepancies between reports as to the normal values for the Tei index obtained by the different echocardiographic techniques and by different investigators. We conducted a prospective study to determine the normal range of left ventricular Tei index (LVTX) values in a broad sample of children using tissue Doppler imaging, pulsed wave Doppler, and M-mode echocardiography. In all, 289 children with normal echocardiogram findings (age 1 day-18 years, body surface area 0.08-2.4 m(2), heart rate 46-182/min) were studied. The LVTX was calculated by all 3 methods in each patient during a single echocardiographic examination. The normal LVTX values (mean +/- SD) for the 3 techniques were: LVTX-Doppler tissue imaging = 0.38 +/- 0.06; LVTX-pulsed wave Doppler = 0.36 +/- 0.07; and LVTX-M-mode echocardiography = 0.29 +/- 0.08. LVTX-Doppler tissue imaging and LVTX-pulsed wave Doppler values were only slightly but statistically significantly different (P <.05). LVTX-M-mode echocardiography values were consistently and significantly less than those obtained by both of the other two methods (P <.01, respectively). The effects of age, body surface area, and heart rate were not clinically significant. These results are similar but not identical to those from prior studies.