A morphometric comparison of trabecular structure of human ilium between microcomputed tomography and conventional histomorphometry

Recently, an imaging technique using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has emerged as a method for nondestructively assessing the microarchitecture of unprocessed surgical bone biopsy specimens. Using micro-CT, two-dimensional (2D) axial images were obtained from undecalcified transiliac bone biopsies which were taken from 15 patients with various metabolic bone diseases. Total area, bone area, and bone perimeter were determined, from which the bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) were calculated semiautomatically and instantaneously. To evaluate the validity of this technique as a useful tool, the results were compared with those obtained from conventional histomorphometry. There were significant correlations between the two techniques for all parameters, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.759 (Tb.N, P < 0.005) to 0.949 (BV/TV, P < 0.0001). Different resolutions seem to lead to major differences in perimeter values measured by the two methods. These factors may explain why the correlation coefficients of Tb.N and Tb.Th estimated from the perimeter and area is lower than that of BV/TV. Our results show that the micro-CT based on 2D images is a useful tool for imaging and nondestructively quantifying the microarchitecture of trabecular bone in unprocessed surgical bone specimens.