An optical fiber sensor for simultaneous measurement of axial strain and temperature is reported. This sensor configuration consists of an in-line fiber etalon (ILFE) cascaded with a in-fiber Bragg grating (BG) and demultiplexed using a variation of coherence division multiplexing. The strain/temperature sensor is demonstrated by bonding it to the surface of an aluminum cantilever beam and embedding it into a graphite/epoxy composite cantilever beam. They are found to agree with traditional strain and temperature sensors to within 5 mu epsilon and 0.5 degrees C, respectively for a sensor gage length of similar to 1.0cm.