Process-informed machining objects for closed-loop process planning

This paper reports on methods and implementations related to structured feedback of process data to increase the availability of reliable process knowledge in small batch manufacturing environments. The presented approach aims at acquiring process data in computerised numerical controls (CNCs) and simulation environments depending on the respective machining situation in actual machining or derived from simulated machine behaviour to increase data availability, identify systematic effects and improve machine tool models. Based on a characterisation of process data sources and architectures of commercial CNCs, a uniform approach to extend the process chain for CNC manufacturing is presented. It relies on the development of CNC-integrated algorithms, communication interfaces and a STEP-NC-based information model. Approaches to utilise the developed infrastructure for machine tool selection and process parameterisation in small batch manufacturing processes are illustrated. The system is implemented for two different CNCs, one with open NC kernel and another with a comprehensive high-level PLC interface.