Executive functioning in adults and children with developmental dyslexia

被引:184
作者
Brosnan, M [1 ]
Demetre, J [1 ]
Hamill, S [1 ]
Robson, K [1 ]
Shepherd, H [1 ]
Cody, G [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Greenwich, Sch Social Sci & Law, Dept Psychol, London SE9 2UG, England
关键词
group-embedded figures test; inhibition of distractors; left prefrontal cortex;
D O I
10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00046-5
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The performance of developmentally dyslexic children and adults was studied upon a range of tasks that involved executive functioning. Both adult and child samples of dyslexics were found to under-perform on the group-embedded figures test. This test required the identification of constituent parts from within complex visual arrays, with good performance necessitating the inhibition of the processing of the surrounding context. A general deficit on visual-spatial tasks was eliminated as an explanation as dyslexics performed normally upon a range of other Don-verbal assessments. The dyslexics consistently demonstrated a deficit in digit span tasks, a decrement that was increased with distractors, again suggesting difficulties in inhibiting the processing of the surrounding context. A deficit was also identified upon a verbal fluency task without a deficit in vocabulary level. Additionally, a specific deficit in the recollection of the temporal order of the presentation of items was in evidence, without a deficit in the recognition of the items themselves. The findings taken as a whole suggest that dyslexic individuals show deficiencies in executive functions relating to inhibition of distractors and to sequencing of events, a set of tasks associated with left prefrontal cortex functioning in the acquired neuropsychology literature. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2144 / 2155
页数:12
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