Dark reoxidation of the plastoquinone-pool is mediated by the low-potential form of cytochrome b-559 in spinach thylakoids

We have found that in isolated spinach thylakoids, plastoquinone-pool (PQ-pool), after its photoreduction, undergoes dark-reoxidation with the half-time of tau(1/2) = 43 +/- 3 s. To explain the observed rates of PQ-pool reoxidation, a nonenzymatic plastoquinol (PQH(2)) autoxidation under molecular oxygen and an enzymatic oxidation by the low-potential form of cytochrome b-559 (cyt. b-559LP), as the postulated PQ-oxidase in chlororespiration, were investigated. It was found that the autoxidation rate of PQH(2) in organic solvents and liposomes was too low to account for the observed oxidation rate of PQH(2) in thylakoids. The rate of cyt. b-559LP autoxidation in isolated Photosystem II was found to be similar (tau(1/2) = 26 +/- 5 s) to that of the PQ-pool. This suggests that the LP form of cyt. b-559 is probably responsible for the PQ-oxidase activity observed during chlororespiration.