Engineering, nutrient removal, and feedstock conversion evaluations of four corn stover harvest scenarios

被引:124
作者
Hoskinson, Reed L.
Karlen, Douglas L. [1 ]
Birrell, Stuart J.
Radtke, Corey W.
Wilhelm, W. W.
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA
[2] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA
[3] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA
[4] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA
关键词
Biomass; Zea mays; crop residue; bioenergy; ethanol; simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSE); thermochemical conversion; CROP RESIDUES; SOIL-EROSION; WHEAT-STRAW; GRAIN-YIELD; TILLAGE; BIOMASS; CARBON; MANAGEMENT; MINNESOTA; ETHANOL;
D O I
10.1016/j.biombioe.2006.07.006
中图分类号
S2 [农业工程];
学科分类号
0828 ;
摘要
Crop residue has been identified as a near-term source of biomass for renewable fuel, heat, power, chemicals and other bio-materials. A prototype one-pass harvest system was used to collect residue samples from a corn (Zea mays L.) field near Ames, IA. Four harvest scenarios (low cut, high-cut top, high-cut bottom, and normal cut) were evaluated and are expressed as collected stover harvest indices (CSHI). High-cut top and high-cut bottom samples were obtained from the same plot in separate operations. Chemical composition, dilute acid pretreatment response, ethanol conversion yield and efficiency, and thermochemical conversion for each scenario were determined. Mean grain yield in this study (10.1 Mg ha(-1) dry weight) was representative of the average yield (10.0 Mgha(-1)) for the area (Story County, IA) and year (2005). The four harvest scenarios removed 6.7, 4.9, 1.7, and 5.1 Mg ha(-1) of dry matter, respectively, or 0.60 for low cut, 0.66 for normal cut, and 0.61 for the total high-cut (top + bottom) scenarios when expressed as CSHI values. The macronutrient replacement value for the normal harvest scenario was $57.36 ha(-1) or $11.27 Mg-1. Harvesting stalk bottoms increased stover water content, risk of combine damage, estimated transportation costs, and left insufficient soil cover, while also producing a problematic feedstock. These preliminary results indicate harvesting stover (including the cobs) at a height of approximately 40cm would be best for farmers and ethanol producers because of faster harvest speed and higher quality ethanol feedstock. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:126 / 136
页数:11
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