Magnetism induced by the organization of self-assembled monolayers

Unique occurrence of magnetism is shown, in which magnetism appears ex nihilo, when organic molecules are self-assembled as monolayers on gold substrate. The molecules as well as the substrate, when they stand alone, are diamagnetic. Using a superconducting quantum interference device type magnetometer we obtained direct evidence that close-packed organized thio-organic films adsorbed on gold substrates possess magnetic properties at room temperature. The films studied show very high specific magnetization, up to many tens Bohr magnetons per adsorbed molecule, with a very small hysteresis. It is highly anisotropic and shows almost no temperature dependence. The magnetism observed is related to charge transfer between the organic layer and the metal substrate. Yet, the uniqueness here is that many spins are polarized per adsorbed molecules. The magnetic effect is related to the two dimensional organization of the organic molecules on the metal substrate which might explain the high anisotropy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.