Behavioral conditioning of immunosuppression is possible in humans

被引:158
作者
Goebel, MU
Trebst, AE
Steiner, J
Xie, YF
Exton, MS
Frede, S
Canbay, AE
Michel, MC
Heemann, U
Schedlowski, M
机构
[1] Univ Essen Gesamthsch, Dept Med Psychol, D-45122 Essen, Germany
[2] Univ Essen Gesamthsch, Dept Physiol, Essen, Germany
[3] Univ Essen Gesamthsch, Dept Med, D-4300 Essen, Germany
关键词
conditioned reaction; interleukin-2; cyclosporin; behavioral conditioning; cyclosporin A;
D O I
10.1096/fj.02-0389com
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Behavioral conditioned immunosuppression has been described in rodents as the most impressive demonstration of brain-to-immune system interaction. To analyze whether behavioral conditioned immunosuppression is possible in humans, healthy subjects in this double-blind, placebo-controlled study were conditioned in four sessions over 3 consecutive days, receiving the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A as an unconditioned stimulus paired with a distinctively flavored drink (conditioned stimulus) each 12 h. In the next week, re-exposure to the conditioned stimulus (drink), but now paired with placebo capsules, induced a suppression of immune functions as analyzed by the IL-2 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression, intracellular production, and in vitro release of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, as well as lymphocyte proliferation. These data demonstrate for the first time that immunosuppression can be behaviorally conditioned in humans.
引用
收藏
页码:1869 / 1873
页数:5
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