Poling field dependence of crystal orientation and ferroelectric properties in lead titanate ceramics

Domain switching and rotation in lead titanate ceramics were evaluated by investigating the poling field dependence of the relative intensity of the X-ray diffraction (002) peak and the electrical properties. Although the lead titanate ceramic surface was highly oriented in the direction of the c-axis by the poling field. it was difficult to align the crystal orientation of the ceramic bulk because of the large anisotropy of the crystal structure. The effect of domain clamping on the planar coupling factor and dielectric constant at coercive fields was confirmed in lead titanate ceramics as well as in the case of soil and hard tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics. The peaks of frequency constant due to domain clamping were not abserved in lead titanate ceramics. Further, it was thought that domain rotations occurred at the fields required to obtain the minimum frequency constant.