Effects of water applications and soil tillage on water and salt distribution in a Vertisol

被引:8
作者
Assouline, S [1 ]
Ben-Hur, M [1 ]
机构
[1] Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel
关键词
D O I
10.2136/sssaj2003.0852
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Under limited water resources, modern irrigation methods tend to save water and improve water and salt regimes within the root zone. This study deals with the combined effects of water application methods and tillage practices on water and salt distributions, runoff production, and soil loss in a field irrigated with moving irrigation systems (MIS). An experiment was conducted in a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Sivon) field at Hazorea, Israel, where the main soil type is vertisol (Typic Chromoxerets). Sprinkling (SP) and flooding (FL) MIS, and conventional (CT) and microbasin (MB) tillage, were compared in terms of runoff and soil loss from runoff microplots (5 m(2)), soil water content and salinity distribution with depth, yield, and plant height. Under SP conditions, no runoff and soil loss were obtained for either tillage practice. In the FL/CT treatment, the mean runoff and soil loss were about 25% of the irrigation water and 0.59 kg m(2). The FL/MB treatment reduced the runoff and soil loss to 5.8% and 0.02 kg m(-2), respectively. The soil water contents in the SP treatments were generally lower than in the FL treatments, especially in the 0.1- to 0.6-m soil layer. No significant differences in the soil salinity, plant height, and seed-cotton yield were observed between the treatments. Microbasins tillage reduces water losses under flooding MIS to a point where they become practically similar to those obtained under sprinkler MIS. It can potentially lead to lower water losses if the microbasins storage capacity is matched to the water application rate, to avoid runoff.
引用
收藏
页码:852 / 858
页数:7
相关论文
共 23 条
[1]  
Addink J, 1975, ANN M AM SOC AGR ENG
[2]  
[Anonymous], 1980, PRINCIPLES PROCEDURE
[3]  
[Anonymous], 1954, USDA AGR HDB
[4]  
[Anonymous], 1975, USDA AGR HDB
[5]   Compaction, aging, and raindrop-impact effects on hydraulic properties of saline and sodic vertisols [J].
Ben-Hur, M ;
Agassi, M ;
Keren, R ;
Zhang, J .
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL, 1998, 62 (05) :1377-1383
[6]   Tillage effects on water and salt distribution in a Vertisol during effluent irrigation and rainfall [J].
Ben-Hur, M ;
Assouline, S .
AGRONOMY JOURNAL, 2002, 94 (06) :1295-1304
[7]   DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC-MATTER CONTENT IN ARID-ZONE SOILS USING A SIMPLE LOSS-ON-IGNITION METHOD [J].
BENDOR, E ;
BANIN, A .
COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS, 1989, 20 (15-16) :1675-1695
[8]   RUNOFF, EROSION, AND POLYMER APPLICATION IN MOVING-SPRINKLER IRRIGATION [J].
BENHUR, M .
SOIL SCIENCE, 1994, 158 (04) :283-290
[9]   SURFACE RUNOFF, UNIFORMITY OF WATER DISTRIBUTION, AND YIELD OF PEANUT IRRIGATED WITH A MOVING SPRINKLER SYSTEM [J].
BENHUR, M ;
PLAUT, Z ;
LEVY, GJ ;
AGASSI, M ;
SHAINBERG, I .
AGRONOMY JOURNAL, 1995, 87 (04) :609-613
[10]   COTTON CANOPY AND DRYING EFFECTS ON RUNOFF DURING IRRIGATION WITH MOVING SPRINKLER SYSTEMS [J].
BENHUR, M ;
PLAUT, Z ;
SHAINBERG, I ;
MEIRI, A ;
AGASSI, M .
AGRONOMY JOURNAL, 1989, 81 (05) :752-757