Transfer of fatty acids from female seal blubber via milk to pup blubber

Fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography followed by principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) in the blubber of 18 female grey seals, Halichoerus grypus, in their mill; and in the blubber of their 1-week-old nursing pups. Large individual differences were observed in both blubber and milk content of fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of the milli was systematically different from the composition in maternal blubber, with higher relative amounts of the saturated acids, the monounsaturated with 20 carbon atoms and the n3 polyunsaturated, except 18:3n3. The composition of the fatty acids in the blubber of the pups was different from that of the milk. The same fatty acids that were enriched in the milk were depleted in the blubber of the pups. Therefore the fatty acid composition in the blubber of the pups was similar to that in the adults, although not identical. The results from this investigation imply that the composition of the fatty acids in the blubber of female seals and in the blubber of their pups cannot be determined directly by analysis of fatty acid composition of milk.