Prolonged remission of longstanding systemic lupus erythematosus after autologous bone marrow transplant for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

We describe a patient with longstanding steroid-dependent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in whom clinical and serological remission was achieved following high-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow rescue for high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, However, 3 sears later, autoimmune disease re-presented in the form of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), which had not previously been a feature of the SLE, necessitating reintroduction of steroid immunosuppression, Relapse of SLE is most likely, although de novo ITP post-BMT is also a possibility, The case suggests that severe longstanding autoimmune disease may be controlled by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell reconstitution, However, further studies are required to determine the mechanism of re-emergence of autoimmunity and to evaluate optimal regimens and the potential value of such therapy in severe autoimmune diseases.