The functionality of milk powder and its relationship to chocolate mass processing, in particular the effect of milk powder manufacturing and composition on the physical properties of chocolate masses

The functionality of twelve different milk powders that are used for chocolate mass processing was investigated. In two types of spray-dried and one type of roller-dried powder, the milk fat and milk fat fractions were integrated. Depending on the production process, the amount of free fat available in the milk powders varied greatly. A good correlation was found between the free fat content of the milk powder and the viscosity of the chocolate mass when comparable particle sizes were used. This study reports on the development of spray-dried milk powders, which when used in chocolate processing produced low viscosities, comparable with those obtained by using roller-dried milk powder. Calorimetric analysis showed that the shape of the milk powder particles has no influence on the calorimetric qualities of chocolate masses. Only when milk fat was added in a free form, was a higher 'mixing effect' in the crystallization peak of cocoa butter and milk fat observed.