Cadaveric renal allograft at the time of implantation has the similar immunological features with the rejecting allograft

Background. Compared to living donations, cadaveric transplants have a poorer outcome, and the immunologic status of renal tissues at the time of transplantation might influence the final outcome of the renal allograft. Patients and Methods. We used quantitative RT-PCR to evaluate the differential expression of cytokine genes from 37 implantation tissues [18 cadaveric tissues (CI), 19 specimens from living donors (LI)]. We compared them with 17 acutely rejecting allograft (AR). Results. Acute rejection within 6 months after transplantation occurred 8 times in patients with cadaveric allograft, but the living-donor recipients experienced 4 episodes (P<0.05). Proinflammatory cytokines were co-expressed more frequently in CI than in LI, The levels of IFN-<gamma>, TNF-alpha and IL-10 mRNA were also higher in CI, We compared the profiles of several cytokine expressions of CI with those of AR. The messages for IL-6 were more abundant in the CI, IFN-gamma was more expressed in AR, and the other cytokine expression levels were similar in both types. However, when comparing LI and AR, all the cytokine messages except IL-6 were up-regulated in AR than in LI, In CI, the levels of cytokine gene expressions were similar despite various cold ischemic time except IL-10 that were elevated for those cases where the operation was done within 4 hr of nephrectomy. Conclusions. The numbers and levels of gene transcription of inflammatory cytokines were higher in the tissues from a cadaver, and were not different from those of AR. This immunologic hostility at the time of implantation would contribute to the poorer outcome of cadaveric allograft.