Impact of executive function deficits and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on academic outcomes in children

被引:545
作者
Biederman, J [1 ]
Monuteaux, MC [1 ]
Doyle, AE [1 ]
Seidman, LJ [1 ]
Wilens, TE [1 ]
Ferrero, F [1 ]
Morgan, CL [1 ]
Faraone, SV [1 ]
机构
[1] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Pediat Psychopharmacol Unit, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02114 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.757
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
The association between executive function deficits (EFDs) and functional outcomes were examined among children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants were children and adolescents with (n = 259) and without (n = 222) ADHD, as ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric clinics. The authors defined EFD as at least 2 executive function measures impaired. Significantly more children and adolescents with ADHD had EFDs than did control participants. ADHD with EFDs was associated with an increased risk for grade retention and a decrease in academic achievement relative to (a) ADHD alone, (b) controlled socioeconomic status, (c) learning disabilities, and (d) IQ. No differences were noted in social functioning or psychiatric comorbidity. Children and adolescents with ADHD and EFDs were found to be at high risk for significant impairments in academic functioning. These results support screening children with ADHD for EFDs to prevent academic failure.
引用
收藏
页码:757 / 766
页数:10
相关论文
共 63 条
[1]   CHILD ADOLESCENT BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL-PROBLEMS - IMPLICATIONS OF CROSS-INFORMANT CORRELATIONS FOR SITUATIONAL SPECIFICITY [J].
ACHENBACH, TM ;
MCCONAUGHY, SH ;
HOWELL, CT .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1987, 101 (02) :213-232
[2]  
[Anonymous], 1977, FED REG, V42
[3]  
[Anonymous], ASSESSMENT ADAPTIVE
[4]  
BARKLEY RA, 1991, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V30, P752, DOI 10.1097/00004583-199109000-00009
[5]   THE ADOLESCENT OUTCOME OF HYPERACTIVE-CHILDREN DIAGNOSED BY RESEARCH CRITERIA .1. AN 8-YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP-STUDY [J].
BARKLEY, RA ;
FISCHER, M ;
EDELBROCK, CS ;
SMALLISH, L .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY, 1990, 29 (04) :546-557
[6]   Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD [J].
Barkley, RA .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1997, 121 (01) :65-94
[7]   The executive functions and self-regulation: An evolutionary neuropsychological perspective [J].
Barkley, RA .
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW, 2001, 11 (01) :1-29
[8]  
Biederman J, 1996, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V53, P437
[9]   Clinical correlates of ADHD in females: Findings from a large group of girls ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources [J].
Biederman, J ;
Faraone, SV ;
Mick, E ;
Williamson, S ;
Wilens, TE ;
Spencer, TJ ;
Weber, W ;
Jetton, J ;
Kraus, I ;
Pert, J ;
Zallen, B .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY, 1999, 38 (08) :966-975
[10]  
BIEDERMAN J, 1992, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V49, P728