Not too big, not too small: The appropriate scale

The tools we use at the human scale, whether mechanical, medical or microelectronic, depend on materials for which some other scale of length or time is critical. Often this is the mesoscale, between the scales of engineering and of atomic science. Linking underlying processes to what we handle is sometimes called 'spanning' (or 'bridging') length scales, giving the impression that the mesoscale is a swamp to be crossed without getting mud on our boots. This is misleading: we do not wish to span the mesoscale, but to work at the appropriate scale, and to connect that to our human needs. The appropriate scale need not rule out multiscale computer modelling, in which some supercode integrates relevant scales in one pass, hoping to combine the best of methods for two or more levels. But the reality for such attempts, too often, is that the worst of both regimes are found. Happily, simpler strategies at a judicious scale will often suffice.