Women in the radiology profession: Data from a 1995 national survey

OBJECTIVE. This report provides an in-depth picture of similarities and differences in the professional and practice characteristics of women and men who are radiologists in the United States, with specific attention to whether gender differences are less pronounced among younger radiologists, MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data were taken from a national stratified random sample survey of radiologists. The response rate was 75%. The 1731 men and 294 women re spending included diagnostic radiologists, radiation oncologists, and radiology-related nuclear medicine specialists. RESULTS. Seven percent of respondents who completed their radiology residency before 1970 were women, compared with 9% in 1970-1979, 19% in 1980-1989, and 27% in 1990-1995. Gender differences were smaller among posttraining radiologists younger than 40 years old than among those 40 years old or older for the following questions: when the respondent decided to specialize in radiology, whether the respondent is a subspecialist within diagnostic radiology, whether the respondent's practice is primarily academic, whether the practice is privately owned, and whether the respondent is a practice owner (partner, shareholder). Women who were residents and fellows more frequently indicated problems with unwanted sexual attention occurring in the past 2 years than did women who were not in training positions. However, posttraining women were more likely to have encountered discrimination in salary, hiring, or promotion at some time in their careers. CONCLUSION. Women's professional roles in radiology are changing slowly. A narrowing gender gap among younger radiologists on some professional and practice characteristics may indicate a further diminishing of gender differences in radiology in the future, It may also reflect greater gender equality at earlier rather than later stages of one's career.