Foot-and-mouth disease polyvalent oil vaccines inoculated repeteadly in cattle do not induce detectable antibodies to non-structural proteins when evaluated by various assays

The use of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines that do not induce antibodies against non-structural proteins (NSP) is extremely relevant for the demonstration of regions "free of FMDV infection" and control strategies. In this study cattle were primed and boosted with five doses of oil vaccines containing high antigenic payloads on days 0, 90, 130, 160 and 200. The serological response against NSP was measured using four commercially available assays: two 3ABC-ELISAs; one 3B-ELISA (and complementary 3A-ELISA) and an enzyme-immunotransfer blot assay (EITB). Additionally, locally produced NSP antibodies detection reagents and VIAA antibodies were evaluated. A high level of specific immune response against vaccine strains was shown. After four doses of vaccine, non-reactive animals were detected by any of the NSP assays. After the fifth immunization, 2 of 17 animals were reactive in one ELISA kit, but these samples proved negative by confirmatory tests. Antibodies against NSP were not detected in single dose immunized cattle. The principle of the NSP-ELISA used as a screening test for lame sero-surveys in South America is established and this paper emphasizes the importance of using vaccines that have demonstrated no interference with NSP antibodies detection assays. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.