Relationship between advanced glycoxidation end products, inflammatory markers/acute-phase reactants, and some autoantibodies in chronic hemodialysis patients

Uremia and dialysis treatment are associated with uncorrected oxidative and carbonyl stress and microinflammation. Elevation of both oxidative/carbonyl stress end products (advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products AGFs), and advanced lipoperoxidation end products (ALEs), autoantibodies against modified biological structures, and acute-phase reactants (e.g., C-reactive protein [CRP], fibrinogen) seems to take part in the development of various complications, among them accelerated atherosclerosis. These pathogenic mechanisms are supposed to act synergically; nevertheless, oxidative stress shows a closer relationship to inflammation and acute-phase reaction than advanced glycation. Its end product, AOPP, could, thus, represent a biochemical marker of specific importance.